Trắc nghiệm Marketing quốc tế Tiếng Anh có đáp án - Chương 4
Thời gian còn lại: --:--
Kết quả của bạn:
Bạn đã đúng:
Bạn đã sai:
Tổng số câu:
Câu 1:
According to Geert Hofstede's cultural dimensions, which index measures the extent to which less powerful members of organizations accept that power is distributed unequally?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
Based on Hofstede's framework, the Power Distance Index (PDI) specifically quantifies the degree of hierarchy and the acceptance of unequal power distribution within a society. Kết luận Lý giải: Power Distance Index
Câu 2:
Which concept, introduced by James Lee, refers to an unconscious reference to one's own cultural values, experiences, and knowledge as a basis for decisions?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
The Self-Reference Criterion (SRC) is the tendency to use our own cultural lens to interpret and judge situations in foreign markets, often leading to marketing failures. Kết luận Lý giải: Self-Reference Criterion (SRC)
Câu 3:
In Edward T. Hall's framework, which type of culture relies heavily on implicit, non-verbal communication and the context in which the message is delivered?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
High-context cultures, such as those in Japan or Arab nations, prioritize the surrounding circumstances and relationships over explicit verbal statements. Kết luận Lý giải: High-context culture
Câu 4:
Which market entry strategy involves a firm granting a foreign entity the right to use its intellectual property for a fee, but typically offers limited control over operations?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
Licensing is a low-risk entry mode where a company (licensor) allows another firm (licensee) to use patents or trademarks in exchange for royalty payments. Kết luận Lý giải: Licensing
Câu 5:
culture that views time as linear, emphasizes promptness, and prefers to do one thing at a time is characterized as:
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
Monochronic time (M-time) cultures, like those in North America and Northern Europe, treat time as a tangible resource that should be scheduled and used efficiently. Kết luận Lý giải: Monochronic (M-time)
Câu 6:
What is the primary characteristic of 'Indirect Exporting' in international trade?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
Indirect exporting minimizes international risk and investment because the manufacturer utilizes domestic-based agents or merchants to handle foreign distribution. Kết luận Lý giải: The company uses independent intermediaries located in its home country to sell abroad.
Câu 7:
Which of Hofstede's dimensions describes a society that values competition, achievement, and material rewards for success?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
Societies scoring high on Masculinity are driven by competition and success, whereas Feminine societies value cooperation and quality of life. Kết luận Lý giải: Masculinity
Câu 8:
What is the main risk associated with a 'Joint Venture' as an international market entry strategy?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
While joint ventures share risks and resources, the shared ownership often leads to disagreements regarding operational control and profit reinvestment. Kết luận Lý giải: Potential conflict between partners over management and strategic goals.
Câu 9:
According to the textbook definitions, 'Cultural Imperatives' are business customs that:
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
Cultural imperatives are the non-negotiable customs that a foreign marketer must follow to establish trust and avoid social rejection in a new market. Kết luận Lý giải: Must be recognized and accommodated for relationships to be successful.
Câu 10:
Which market entry mode provides the highest level of control but also involves the highest risk and capital investment?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
Establishing a wholly owned subsidiary (through greenfield investment or acquisition) grants a firm 100% ownership and control but requires significant financial commitment. Kết luận Lý giải: Wholly Owned Subsidiary
Câu 11:
What term describes a firm that from its inception seeks to derive significant competitive advantage from the use of resources and the sale of outputs in multiple countries?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
Born global firms bypass the traditional incremental stage model of internationalization, targeting world markets almost immediately after starting. Kết luận Lý giải: Born Global
Câu 12:
In low-context cultures, communication is typically characterized as:
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
In low-context societies like Germany or the US, the message is contained primarily in the words spoken rather than the context of the interaction. Kết luận Lý giải: Explicit, direct, and reliant on verbal messages.
Câu 13:
Which entry strategy involves a firm contracting with a local manufacturer to produce its products while the firm retains marketing and distribution responsibilities?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
Contract manufacturing allows a company to enter a foreign market quickly without investing in production facilities by outsourcing the manufacturing process. Kết luận Lý giải: Contract Manufacturing
Câu 14:
The 'Psychic Distance' paradox suggests that managers may fail in markets similar to their home country because:
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
The psychic distance paradox occurs when perceived similarities lead managers to overlook critical cultural nuances, resulting in strategic errors. Kết luận Lý giải: They underestimate the subtle differences and fail to adapt appropriately.
Câu 15:
According to Hofstede, societies with a high 'Uncertainty Avoidance Index' (UAI) tend to:
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
High UAI cultures implement strict laws, safety measures, and formal procedures to minimize the anxiety caused by unknown or uncertain situations. Kết luận Lý giải: Have a high need for formal rules and structured environments.
Câu 16:
Which of the following describes 'Ethnocentrism' in a marketing context?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
Ethnocentrism is a psychological bias where individuals judge other cultures based on the standards of their own, often leading to a lack of cultural empathy. Kết luận Lý giải: The belief that one's own culture is superior to others.
Câu 17:
Which entry mode is most appropriate for a service firm like a hotel chain that wants to expand globally without owning the physical real estate?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
Management contracts allow firms to provide organizational and management expertise to a foreign entity without committing to equity or property investment. Kết luận Lý giải: Management Contract
Câu 18:
The 'Linguistic Distance' between two countries primarily impacts:
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
Linguistic distance measures how different languages are, which directly influences the complexity of translating advertisements and brand messages. Kết luận Lý giải: The difficulty and cost of marketing communication and translation.
Câu 19:
'Greenfield Investment' refers to which type of market entry?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
Greenfield investment is a form of FDI where a parent company builds new facilities in a foreign country, offering maximum control over design and operations. Kết luận Lý giải: Building a new operational facility from the ground up in a foreign country.
Câu 20:
Which Hofstede dimension was added later to capture the difference between societies that focus on future rewards versus those that focus on the past and present?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
Long-term Orientation, initially called Confucian Dynamism, reflects a society's preference for thrift and perseverance versus tradition and social obligations. Kết luận Lý giải: Long-term vs. Short-term Orientation
Câu 21:
What is the key difference between 'Licensing' and 'Franchising'?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
Franchising typically includes a complete brand package and operational guidelines that the franchisee must follow, unlike the narrower scope of licensing. Kết luận Lý giải: Franchising involves a more comprehensive business model and stricter operational control.
Câu 22:
Which aspect of culture involves the use of symbols, colors, and design to convey meaning and evoke emotions in consumers?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
Aesthetics refers to a culture's sense of beauty and taste, which significantly affects product design, packaging, and advertising effectiveness. Kết luận Lý giải: Aesthetics
Câu 23:
Polychronic (P-time) cultures are characterized by:
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
P-time cultures, common in Latin America and the Middle East, prioritize human relationships and flexibility over rigid time schedules. Kết luận Lý giải: The simultaneous occurrence of many things and a great involvement with people.
Câu 24:
Which entry strategy is often called 'Piggybacking'?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
Piggyback exporting allows a company (the rider) to use another company's (the carrier) established distribution channels to enter a foreign market. Kết luận Lý giải: A firm sells its products through the distribution network of another non-competing firm.
Câu 25:
According to the 'International Product Life Cycle' (IPLC) theory, where is a product typically manufactured during its introductory stage?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
Vernon's IPLC theory suggests that new products are first produced in the home country of the innovator due to the need for close market feedback. Kết luận Lý giải: In the innovating country (usually a high-income nation).
