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Trắc nghiệm Marketing Quốc tế Tiếng Anh
Trắc nghiệm Marketing quốc tế Tiếng Anh có đáp án - Chương 5

Trắc nghiệm Marketing quốc tế Tiếng Anh có đáp án - Chương 5

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Câu 1: Which entry mode is characterized by the least amount of commitment, risk, and control for a firm entering a foreign market?

A. Wholly owned subsidiary
B. Indirect exporting
C. Joint venture
D. Franchising

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

According to common international marketing theory, indirect exporting involves using domestic intermediaries to handle foreign sales, which minimizes the firm's resource commitment and risk. Kết luận Lý giải Indirect exporting

Câu 2: In the context of global market entry, what is the primary difference between licensing and franchising?

A. Licensing involves only physical goods while franchising involves only services.
B. Franchising typically involves a longer-term commitment and stricter control over business operations.
C. Licensing requires more capital investment than franchising.
D. Franchising is only used in domestic markets, not international ones.

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

Franchising is a specialized form of licensing where the franchisor provides a business format and maintains tighter control over how the franchisee operates the business. Kết luận Lý giải Franchising typically involves a longer-term commitment and stricter control over business operations.

Câu 3: Which entry strategy involves a firm hiring a local manufacturer to produce its products while the firm retains responsibility for marketing and distribution?

A. Management contracting
B. Turnkey project
C. Contract manufacturing
D. Piggybacking

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

Contract manufacturing allows a firm to enter a market rapidly by outsourcing production to a local producer without investing in its own manufacturing facilities. Kết luận Lý giải Contract manufacturing

Câu 4: 'Turnkey project' is most commonly used in which type of industry?

A. Fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG)
B. Complex infrastructure and industrial plants
C. Fashion and apparel
D. Software development for small apps

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

Turnkey projects involve a contractor handling every detail of a project for a foreign client, including training of operating personnel, and are typical in construction and heavy industry. Kết luận Lý giải Complex infrastructure and industrial plants

Câu 5: Which of the following is a major disadvantage of a Wholly Owned Subsidiary (WOS)?

A. Loss of control over technological competence
B. High capital investment and full exposure to political and economic risks
C. Inability to engage in global strategic coordination
D. Lower profit potential compared to licensing

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

Establishing a wholly owned subsidiary requires the firm to bear all costs and risks of setting up operations in a foreign country. Kết luận Lý giải High capital investment and full exposure to political and economic risks

Câu 6: What is the term for an entry strategy where a firm with no international experience uses the overseas distribution network of another firm?

A. Joint venture
B. Strategic alliance
C. Piggybacking
D. Direct exporting

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

Piggybacking occurs when one firm (the 'rider') uses another firm's (the 'carrier') international channels to sell its products. Kết luận Lý giải Piggybacking

Câu 7: According to the 'Uppsala Model' of internationalization, firms tend to enter foreign markets based on which factor?

A. Psychic distance, starting with markets that are culturally similar.
B. Labor costs, starting with the cheapest labor markets.
C. Resource availability, starting with mineral-rich countries.
D. Tax incentives, starting with tax havens.

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

The Uppsala Model suggests that firms internationalize gradually, starting with markets that have low psychic distance (similar language, culture, and business practices). Kết luận Lý giải Psychic distance, starting with markets that are culturally similar.

Câu 8: Which entry mode allows a firm to acquire local market knowledge quickly while sharing costs and risks with a local partner?

A. Greenfield investment
B. Joint venture
C. Licensing
D. Direct exporting

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

Joint ventures involve creating a new entity with a local partner, facilitating access to local knowledge and shared financial burden. Kết luận Lý giải Joint venture

Câu 9: What is a primary risk associated with licensing in international marketing?

A. The firm must bear all the costs of opening the foreign market.
B. The licensee may eventually become a competitor once the agreement ends.
C. It is the most expensive way to enter a market.
D. The firm is forced to take on full management responsibility.

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

By sharing proprietary technology or brand secrets, a licensor risks the licensee using that knowledge to compete independently in the future. Kết luận Lý giải The licensee may eventually become a competitor once the agreement ends.

Câu 10: 'Greenfield investment' refers to which of the following?

A. Buying an existing firm in the target market.
B. Building a brand-new facility from the ground up in a foreign country.
C. Investing only in environmentally friendly 'green' industries.
D. Hiring a local firm to handle all marketing and sales.

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

Greenfield investment is a form of Foreign Direct Investment where a parent company builds its operations in a foreign country from scratch. Kết luận Lý giải Building a brand-new facility from the ground up in a foreign country.

Câu 11: What is the defining characteristic of 'Born Global' firms?

A. They only export to neighboring countries.
B. They view the entire world as their marketplace from the very beginning of their operations.
C. They wait at least 20 years before attempting international expansion.
D. They are always large multinational corporations with decades of history.

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

Born global firms bypass the traditional stage-by-stage internationalization process and seek competitive advantage through global sales from inception. Kết luận Lý giải They view the entire world as their marketplace from the very beginning of their operations.

Câu 12: In which entry mode does the international firm provide the 'know-how' and personnel to manage a local business for a fee, without owning equity?

A. Franchising
B. Management contract
C. Strategic alliance
D. Merger

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

Management contracts allow a firm to earn income by providing expertise to manage a facility (like a hotel or airport) owned by others. Kết luận Lý giải Management contract

Câu 13: Which factor is an 'Internal' driver for a firm to choose an equity-based entry mode (like FDI) over a non-equity mode (like exporting)?

A. High host country tariffs
B. Need for tight control over proprietary technology
C. Small size of the target market
D. High political instability in the target country

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

Internal factors like the protection of intangible assets and core competencies often drive firms toward high-control entry modes like wholly owned subsidiaries. Kết luận Lý giải Need for tight control over proprietary technology

Câu 14: What is a common benefit of an 'Acquisition' compared to a 'Greenfield' investment?

A. It is usually cheaper and carries no risk of cultural clash.
B. It allows for rapid market entry by utilizing existing assets and customers.
C. It ensures there are no pre-existing liabilities from the acquired company.
D. It is the only way to protect trade secrets.

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

Acquisitions provide instant access to established distribution networks, brand names, and local market presence, speeding up the entry process. Kết luận Lý giải It allows for rapid market entry by utilizing existing assets and customers.

Câu 15: What is the primary role of an 'Export Management Company' (EMC)?

A. To provide loans to foreign buyers.
B. To act as the export department for a manufacturer, handling all logistics and sales.
C. To regulate the quality of imports into the domestic market.
D. To manufacture goods on behalf of foreign governments.

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

An EMC is an intermediary that manages the entire export operation for a company, effectively serving as its external export office. Kết luận Lý giải To act as the export department for a manufacturer, handling all logistics and sales.

Câu 16: Which entry mode is most appropriate when a firm wants to test a foreign market with minimal financial exposure?

A. Wholly owned subsidiary
B. Exporting
C. Joint venture
D. Full-scale manufacturing plant

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

Exporting requires the lowest level of capital investment and allows firms to explore market potential before committing more resources. Kết luận Lý giải Exporting

Câu 17: Under which condition is 'Direct Exporting' usually preferred over 'Indirect Exporting'?

A. When the firm has very small production volumes.
B. When the firm wants more control over the marketing mix and direct contact with customers.
C. When the firm has absolutely no knowledge of the target market.
D. When the firm wants to avoid all international shipping costs.

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

Direct exporting allows the firm to manage its own sales process, providing better feedback and control than relying on domestic intermediaries. Kết luận Lý giải When the firm wants more control over the marketing mix and direct contact with customers.

Câu 18: In a 'Master Franchising' agreement, what is the role of the master franchisee?

A. They only provide financial backing without any management role.
B. They have the right to sub-franchise to other people within a specific geographic area.
C. They are responsible for manufacturing the raw materials for the whole world.
D. They only operate a single unit and cannot expand.

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

Master franchising allows an entity to act as a franchisor within a specific region, accelerating expansion through sub-franchising. Kết luận Lý giải They have the right to sub-franchise to other people within a specific geographic area.

Câu 19: Which of the following describes 'Transaction Cost Economics' (TCE) in the context of market entry?

A. theory suggesting firms should always choose the mode with the lowest shipping cost.
B. framework that helps firms decide whether to perform an activity in-house or outsource based on transaction costs.
C. law that prevents firms from entering more than one country at a time.
D. method for calculating the exact exchange rate between two currencies.

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

TCE posits that if the costs of negotiating and monitoring an external contract (like licensing) are too high, the firm should internalize the operation (like FDI). Kết luận Lý giải A framework that helps firms decide whether to perform an activity in-house or outsource based on transaction costs.

Câu 20: What is a 'Strategic Alliance'?

A. hostile takeover of a competitor in a foreign market.
B. collaborative agreement between firms to achieve mutual goals without necessarily forming a new legal entity.
C. government-mandated monopoly in a specific industry.
D. type of export where the government pays for all shipping.

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

Strategic alliances are cooperative arrangements between potential or actual competitors to enhance their competitive positions. Kết luận Lý giải A collaborative agreement between firms to achieve mutual goals without necessarily forming a new legal entity.

Câu 21: 'Brownfield' investment is best described as:

A. Investing only in agricultural land.
B. The purchase and repurposing of existing facilities in a foreign market.
C. joint venture with a government-owned company.
D. Exporting goods that have been recycled.

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

Brownfield investment involves acquiring or leasing existing production facilities and upgrading them rather than building new ones. Kết luận Lý giải The purchase and repurposing of existing facilities in a foreign market.

Câu 22: What is the primary motive for a 'Cross-licensing' agreement between two technology firms?

A. To avoid all forms of competition in the market.
B. To share intellectual property and avoid litigation while fostering innovation.
C. To create a joint monopoly that is illegal in all countries.
D. To reduce the number of employees in both companies.

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

Cross-licensing allows firms to use each other's patented technologies, which is common in high-tech industries to speed up product development. Kết luận Lý giải To share intellectual property and avoid litigation while fostering innovation.

Câu 23: When a firm enters a market early to establish brand loyalty and preempt rivals, it is seeking:

A. Second-mover advantage
B. First-mover advantage
C. Late-entry penalty
D. Psychic distance reduction

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

First-mover advantages include establishing a strong brand name and gaining control over key distribution channels before competitors arrive. Kết luận Lý giải First-mover advantage

Câu 24: Which entry mode is most likely to be chosen when the host country has very high import tariffs?

A. Direct exporting
B. Foreign Direct Investment (Local production)
C. Indirect exporting
D. Piggybacking

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

Firms often switch from exporting to local production (FDI) to bypass trade barriers like high tariffs or quotas. Kết luận Lý giải Foreign Direct Investment (Local production)

Câu 25: What does 'Resource-Based View' (RBV) suggest about market entry?

A. Entry mode depends on the firm's unique resources and capabilities.
B. All firms should use the same entry mode regardless of their size.
C. Natural resources are the only factor that matters for entry.
D. Firms should only enter countries that have no natural resources.

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

RBV emphasizes that a firm's internal strengths and core competencies dictate the most effective way to enter and compete in a foreign market. Kết luận Lý giải Entry mode depends on the firm's unique resources and capabilities.

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Kết quả của bạn:

Câu 1: Which entry mode is characterized by the least amount of commitment, risk, and control for a firm entering a foreign market?

Câu 2: In the context of global market entry, what is the primary difference between licensing and franchising?

Câu 3: Which entry strategy involves a firm hiring a local manufacturer to produce its products while the firm retains responsibility for marketing and distribution?

Câu 4: 'Turnkey project' is most commonly used in which type of industry?

Câu 5: Which of the following is a major disadvantage of a Wholly Owned Subsidiary (WOS)?

Câu 6: What is the term for an entry strategy where a firm with no international experience uses the overseas distribution network of another firm?

Câu 7: According to the 'Uppsala Model' of internationalization, firms tend to enter foreign markets based on which factor?

Câu 8: Which entry mode allows a firm to acquire local market knowledge quickly while sharing costs and risks with a local partner?

Câu 9: What is a primary risk associated with licensing in international marketing?

Câu 10: 'Greenfield investment' refers to which of the following?

Câu 11: What is the defining characteristic of 'Born Global' firms?

Câu 12: In which entry mode does the international firm provide the 'know-how' and personnel to manage a local business for a fee, without owning equity?

Câu 13: Which factor is an 'Internal' driver for a firm to choose an equity-based entry mode (like FDI) over a non-equity mode (like exporting)?

Câu 14: What is a common benefit of an 'Acquisition' compared to a 'Greenfield' investment?

Câu 15: What is the primary role of an 'Export Management Company' (EMC)?

Câu 16: Which entry mode is most appropriate when a firm wants to test a foreign market with minimal financial exposure?

Câu 17: Under which condition is 'Direct Exporting' usually preferred over 'Indirect Exporting'?

Câu 18: In a 'Master Franchising' agreement, what is the role of the master franchisee?

Câu 19: Which of the following describes 'Transaction Cost Economics' (TCE) in the context of market entry?

Câu 20: What is a 'Strategic Alliance'?

Câu 21: 'Brownfield' investment is best described as:

Câu 22: What is the primary motive for a 'Cross-licensing' agreement between two technology firms?

Câu 23: When a firm enters a market early to establish brand loyalty and preempt rivals, it is seeking:

Câu 24: Which entry mode is most likely to be chosen when the host country has very high import tariffs?

Câu 25: What does 'Resource-Based View' (RBV) suggest about market entry?

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