Trắc nghiệm Marketing quốc tế Tiếng Anh có đáp án - Chương 6
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Câu 1:
What is the most critical first step in the international marketing research process according to global marketing standards?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
Defining the problem correctly ensures that the research focuses on the right issues and avoids wasting resources on irrelevant data. Kết luận Lý giải Defining the research problem and objectives
Câu 2:
Which issue is commonly encountered when using secondary data from developing countries in international marketing research?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
International researchers often face challenges with secondary data because it may be outdated, biased, or simply not exist for certain emerging markets. Kết luận Lý giải Lack of reliability and availability
Câu 3:
In the context of survey translation, what does 'back-translation' involve?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
Back-translation is a common technique used to ensure the accuracy and cultural equivalence of survey instruments by comparing the original and re-translated versions. Kết luận Lý giải Translating a document from one language to another and then back to the original by a different translator
Câu 4:
Which method estimates demand for a product in a country by using data from a similar country as a proxy?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
The analogy method assumes that product demand patterns in one country will be similar to those in a country at a comparable stage of economic development. Kết luận Lý giải Analogy method
Câu 5:
What does 'functional equivalence' refer to in international marketing research?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
Functional equivalence ensures that researchers are measuring the same underlying concept, as the use of a product can vary significantly between cultures. Kết luận Lý giải The product or behavior serving the same purpose or function across different cultures
Câu 6:
Why is qualitative research particularly useful in the early stages of international marketing research?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
Qualitative methods like focus groups help uncover deep-seated consumer attitudes and motivations that are essential for formulating research hypotheses in foreign markets. Kết luận Lý giải It helps researchers gain insights into cultural nuances and define problems more clearly
Câu 7:
What is a major obstacle to obtaining a representative sample in many developing nations?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
A lack of comprehensive lists or directories makes it difficult for researchers to select a random, representative sample of the population. Kết luận Lý giải Lack of accurate and up-to-date sampling frames such as census data or phone directories
Câu 8:
Which translation technique uses two or more translators to translate the questionnaire independently and then compare results?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
Parallel translation involves multiple translators working simultaneously to identify and resolve discrepancies in the target language version. Kết luận Lý giải Parallel translation
Câu 9:
What is 'conceptual equivalence' in the context of global marketing research?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
Conceptual equivalence is achieved when the concepts being studied are understood in the same way by respondents in different cultural environments. Kết luận Lý giải The degree to which symbols or concepts convey the same meaning across cultures
Câu 10:
When should a company prioritize primary data over secondary data in an international market?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
Primary data is specifically collected for the problem at hand when secondary sources fail to provide the necessary depth or accuracy. Kết luận Lý giải When existing data is insufficient, outdated, or unreliable for a specific marketing decision
Câu 11:
What does 'scalar equivalence' mean when comparing survey results between countries?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
Scalar equivalence is necessary because respondents in different cultures may have different tendencies, such as avoiding extreme ends of a scale. Kết luận Lý giải Ensuring that a specific score on a rating scale has the same meaning across different cultures
Câu 12:
The Delphi method is an example of which type of market demand estimation?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
The Delphi method involves gathering and refining the opinions of a panel of experts to reach a consensus on future market trends or demand. Kết luận Lý giải Expert opinion
Câu 13:
Which cultural factor might lead to 'social desirability bias' during personal interviews in certain countries?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
Social desirability bias occurs when respondents provide answers they believe are expected of them rather than expressing their true feelings, often to avoid loss of face. Kết luận Lý giải The respondent's desire to give an answer that pleases the interviewer or conforms to social norms
Câu 14:
What is a primary advantage of using secondary data in international marketing research?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
Secondary data is pre-existing and can be gathered quickly at a fraction of the cost of conducting new field research. Kết luận Lý giải It is usually less expensive and faster to obtain than primary data
Câu 15:
In a 'decentralized' international marketing research structure, who is primarily responsible for the research design and execution?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
Decentralization allows for better local adaptation and understanding of the specific cultural context of each market. Kết luận Lý giải Local subsidiaries or local research firms in the target market
Câu 16:
What is the purpose of 'triangulation' in international marketing research?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
Triangulation increases the reliability of research by cross-verifying information from different perspectives or methodologies. Kết luận Lý giải To use multiple methods or data sources to validate findings and reduce bias
Câu 17:
How does the 'Self-Reference Criterion' (SRC) negatively affect international marketing research?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
SRC is a major source of bias where researchers assume that what works or is true in their own culture is also true elsewhere. Kết luận Lý giải It causes researchers to unconsciously apply their own cultural values when interpreting data from another culture
Câu 18:
What is a common challenge when conducting focus groups in 'collectivist' cultures?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
In collectivist cultures, the desire for group harmony can lead to 'groupthink', where participants suppress their true individual opinions. Kết luận Lý giải Individual participants may hesitate to express opinions that contradict the group consensus
Câu 19:
Which regulation must international researchers strictly follow when collecting data in the European Union?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
GDPR sets stringent rules for data privacy and the protection of personal information for individuals within the EU. Kết luận Lý giải General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)
Câu 20:
What is an 'Omnibus survey' in the context of international research?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
Omnibus surveys allow companies to add a few specific questions to a larger, regularly scheduled survey, making it cost-effective for small data needs. Kết luận Lý giải A survey that covers many different topics for multiple clients who share the cost
Câu 21:
The 'language barrier' in international research can lead to which of the following problems?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
Linguistic differences can cause nuances to be lost in translation, leading to data that does not accurately reflect the respondents' views. Kết luận Lý giải Misinterpretation of survey questions and inaccurate responses
Câu 22:
The 'chain ratio method' for estimating market potential involves:
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
This method starts with a total population figure and applies successive factors (e.g., percentage with sufficient income, percentage interested) to estimate market size. Kết luận Lý giải Multiplying a base population by a series of filtering percentages
Câu 23:
How does poor infrastructure in a target country primarily affect primary data collection?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
Lack of reliable postal services or low internet penetration can make traditional data collection methods difficult or biased toward urban elites. Kết luận Lý giải It can limit the reach of mail, telephone, and internet-based surveys
Câu 24:
What is 'Market Intelligence' compared to traditional 'Market Research'?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
Market intelligence provides an ongoing flow of information to help managers make everyday decisions, whereas research typically addresses a specific problem. Kết luận Lý giải Intelligence is a continuous process of monitoring market trends, while research is often project-based
Câu 25:
What is the main goal of 'longitudinal research' in international marketing?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
Longitudinal studies involve repeated observations of the same variables, allowing researchers to track shifts in consumer preferences or economic conditions over time. Kết luận Lý giải To observe changes in a market or consumer behavior over an extended period
