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Trắc nghiệm Marketing Quốc tế Tiếng Anh
Bộ 2 - Trắc nghiệm Marketing quốc tế Tiếng Anh có đáp án

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Bộ 2 - Trắc nghiệm Marketing quốc tế Tiếng Anh có đáp án

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Câu 1: In the context of international marketing, what does the 'Self-Reference Criterion' (SRC) refer to?

A. The conscious decision to adapt products to local tastes.
B. An unconscious reference to one's own cultural values, experiences, and knowledge as a basis for decisions.
C. legal framework for referencing international trade laws.
D. The statistical analysis of self-reported consumer data.

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

SRC is the unconscious tendency to view foreign cultures through the lens of one's own cultural background, which is a major obstacle to successful international marketing. Kết luận Lý giải

Câu 2: Which market entry strategy involves the transfer of rights to use technology, trademarks, or patents to a foreign entity for a fee or royalty?

A. Exporting.
B. Licensing.
C. Joint Venture.
D. Direct Investment.

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

Licensing allows a company to enter a foreign market with low risk by granting rights to intangible property in exchange for royalty payments. Kết luận Lý giải

Câu 3: According to Hofstede's cultural dimensions, what does 'High Power Distance' indicate in a society?

A. preference for decentralized decision-making.
B. strong acceptance of social inequality and hierarchical authority.
C. high level of interdependence among people.
D. short-term orientation towards goals.

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

High Power Distance cultures accept that power is distributed unequally and that everyone has a rightful place in a hierarchy. Kết luận Lý giải

Câu 4: What is the primary characteristic of a 'Polycentric' staffing and marketing orientation?

A. Treating the world as a single market with standardized strategies.
B. Believing that home-country strategies are superior to all others.
C. Assuming each host country is unique and allowing local subsidiaries to develop their own strategies.
D. Focusing solely on regional similarities rather than country-specific differences.

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

A polycentric orientation operates under the assumption that host-country managers know their market best, leading to significant local adaptation. Kết luận Lý giải

Câu 5: In international trade terms, what is 'dumping'?

A. Discarding waste products in international waters.
B. Selling products in a foreign market at a price lower than the cost of production or home market price.
C. Exporting goods that have been banned in the home country.
D. Flooding a market with high-quality luxury goods.

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

Dumping is an unfair trade practice where goods are exported at an artificially low price, often to drive out competition. Kết luận Lý giải

Câu 6: What is the main difference between a Free Trade Area and a Customs Union?

A. Customs Union establishes a common external tariff for non-members, whereas a Free Trade Area does not.
B. Free Trade Area has a common currency, whereas a Customs Union does not.
C. Customs Union allows free movement of labor, whereas a Free Trade Area does not.
D. There is no difference; the terms are interchangeable.

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

While both remove internal barriers, a Customs Union adds a common trade policy (tariffs) towards non-member countries. Kết luận Lý giải

Câu 7: When a company modifies both its product and its communication message for a foreign market, which strategy is it using?

A. Product Extension, Communications Adaptation.
B. Straight Extension.
C. Dual Adaptation.
D. Product Adaptation, Communications Extension.

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

Dual adaptation is the strategy of adapting both the product offering and the marketing communication to suit specific local environmental conditions. Kết luận Lý giải

Câu 8: What does the 'Country of Origin Effect' (COE) primarily influence?

A. The tariff rates applied to the product.
B. The logistics route chosen for shipping.
C. Consumer perceptions and evaluation of a product based on where it was manufactured.
D. The legal ownership structure of the subsidiary.

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

COE describes how a consumer's perception of a specific country can positively or negatively affect their evaluation of products coming from that country. Kết luận Lý giải

Câu 9: Under the Incoterm 'FOB' (Free On Board), when does the risk transfer from the seller to the buyer?

A. When goods are delivered to the buyer's warehouse.
B. When goods are placed alongside the ship.
C. When goods are loaded on board the vessel at the named port of shipment.
D. When the sales contract is signed.

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

FOB stipulates that the seller fulfills their obligation and risk transfers once the goods have passed the ship's rail or are on board the vessel. Kết luận Lý giải

Câu 10: Which of the following represents a 'Gray Market' or 'Parallel Import'?

A. Illegal copies of intellectual property.
B. Genuine goods sold through unauthorized distribution channels.
C. Goods traded on the black market to avoid taxes.
D. Second-hand goods sold as new.

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

Gray markets involve authentic products that are diverted from authorized channels and sold in other markets, often at lower prices, without the manufacturer's consent. Kết luận Lý giải

Câu 11: In the context of political risk, what is 'expropriation'?

A. Restricting the amount of profit a company can repatriate.
B. Government seizure of a foreign company's assets with some compensation.
C. Government seizure of assets without any compensation.
D. tax levied on foreign employees.

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

Expropriation is the government taking of foreign property, distinguished from confiscation by the provision of some compensation. Kết luận Lý giải

Câu 12: What is the primary benefit of standardization in international marketing?

A. Higher responsiveness to local consumer needs.
B. Reduced political risk.
C. Economies of scale and lower costs.
D. Avoidance of all tariffs.

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

Standardization allows a firm to produce large quantities of the same product for multiple markets, significantly reducing unit costs through economies of scale. Kết luận Lý giải

Câu 13: Which type of legal system is based on a detailed set of written laws and statutes?

A. Common Law.
B. Code (Civil) Law.
C. Islamic Law.
D. Customary Law.

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

Code Law, or Civil Law, relies on a comprehensive system of written rules (codes) rather than judicial precedent. Kết luận Lý giải

Câu 14: What is 'Back Translation' used for in international market research?

A. Converting currency values back to the home currency.
B. Translating a foreign response back to the original language to ensure accuracy and meaning.
C. Translating historical data for current analysis.
D. Sending translators back to the field for more data.

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

Back translation checks the quality of a translation by having a second translator convert the translated text back to the original language to spot discrepancies. Kết luận Lý giải

Câu 15: What does the term 'Glocalization' imply?

A. Global branding with no local changes.
B. Local brands trying to go global.
C. Thinking globally but acting locally to adapt to specific market needs.
D. The complete replacement of local culture with global culture.

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

Glocalization combines global strategic consistency with local tactical adaptation to be relevant in diverse markets. Kết luận Lý giải

Câu 16: Which entry strategy offers the highest level of control but also the highest financial risk?

A. Direct Exporting.
B. Franchising.
C. Wholly Owned Subsidiary (FDI).
D. Licensing.

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

A Wholly Owned Subsidiary requires full capital investment and responsibility, offering maximum control over operations but carrying the full burden of risk. Kết luận Lý giải

Câu 17: What is the function of an Export Management Company (EMC)?

A. It regulates export laws for the government.
B. It acts as the external export department for a manufacturer.
C. It finances international loans.
D. It insures cargo ships.

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

EMCs handle the necessary details of exporting for firms that do not have their own export departments, operating essentially as an outsourced division. Kết luận Lý giải

Câu 18: In a 'High-Context' culture, communication relies heavily on:

A. Explicit verbal wording.
B. Written contracts and legal documents.
C. Implicit, non-verbal cues and the context of the relationship.
D. Detailed technical specifications.

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

High-context cultures (e.g., Japan, Arab countries) value the situation, relationship, and non-verbal signals more than the literal spoken word. Kết luận Lý giải

Câu 19: What is 'Transfer Pricing'?

A. The cost of shipping goods between countries.
B. The price charged for goods and services bought and sold between divisions of the same company.
C. The exchange rate used for transferring currency.
D. The price of transferring technology to a competitor.

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

Transfer pricing refers to the internal pricing set for transactions between related entities of a multinational corporation. Kết luận Lý giải

Câu 20: Which product characteristic is most likely to require 'Mandatory Adaptation' in a foreign market?

A. Color preference.
B. Taste preference.
C. Electrical voltage and safety standards.
D. Packaging aesthetics.

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

Mandatory adaptation is required to legally operate or physically function in a market, such as matching local voltage or safety laws. Kết luận Lý giải

Câu 21: What is the primary objective of a 'Market Skimming' pricing strategy?

A. To capture a large market share quickly with low prices.
B. To match competitors' prices.
C. To skim off the most profitable segment of the market with a high initial price.
D. To clear out old inventory.

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

Skimming sets a high price to maximize revenue from early adopters or price-insensitive customers before competition increases. Kết luận Lý giải

Câu 22: What defines a 'Born Global' firm?

A. company that slowly expands to neighboring countries.
B. company that internationalizes rapidly from or near its inception.
C. company that only operates online.
D. large multinational corporation with over 100 years of history.

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

Born globals are organizations that seek to derive significant competitive advantage from the use of resources and the sale of outputs in multiple countries from the start. Kết luận Lý giải

Câu 23: The 'Balance of Payments' (BOP) is a record of what?

A. company's annual profit and loss.
B. All economic transactions between a country's residents and the rest of the world.
C. The total tax revenue of a nation.
D. The stock market fluctuations of a country.

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

The BOP statement summarizes all financial flows (trade, investments, loans) entering and leaving a country over a specific period. Kết luận Lý giải

Câu 24: In international advertising, what does 'Noise' refer to?

A. Loud music in commercials.
B. Uncontrollable influences that confuse or detract from the communication message.
C. The feedback received from consumers.
D. The cost of media buying.

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

Noise represents any external distraction or cultural misunderstanding that distorts the message between the sender and receiver. Kết luận Lý giải

Câu 25: Which of the following is a 'Non-Tariff Barrier'?

A. Ad valorem duty.
B. Specific duty.
C. Quotas and stringent sanitary standards.
D. Compound duty.

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

Non-tariff barriers restrict trade through mechanisms other than simple taxes, such as quantity limits (quotas) or complex regulatory standards. Kết luận Lý giải

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