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Câu 1:According to the Public Relations Society of America (PRSA) definition adopted in 2012, what is the core nature of public relations?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
Based on the 2012 PRSA definition, public relations is defined as a strategic communication process that builds mutually beneficial relationships between organizations and their publics. Kết luận Lý giải A strategic communication process that builds mutually beneficial relationships
Câu 2:In the context of the PESO model in modern PR, what does the 'E' stand for?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
The PESO model, developed by Gini Dietrich, categorizes media into four types: Paid, Earned, Shared, and Owned. Kết luận Lý giải Earned media
Câu 3:Which step of the RACE process involves determining the program's objectives and the strategies to reach them?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
In the RACE model (Research, Action, Communication, Evaluation), the 'Action' phase focuses on program planning and setting strategic objectives. Kết luận Lý giải Action
Câu 4:In the 'Four Models of Public Relations' by Grunig and Hunt, which model is considered the most ethical and effective for long-term relationship building?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
The Two-way Symmetrical model relies on honest and open communication to reach a mutual understanding between an organization and its publics. Kết luận Lý giải Two-way Symmetrical
Câu 5:What is the primary structural format used for writing a traditional press release to ensure the most important information is delivered first?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
The Inverted Pyramid format places the most essential news elements at the beginning, followed by supporting details in descending order of importance. Kết luận Lý giải The Inverted Pyramid
Câu 6:According to the PRSA Code of Ethics, which core value involves providing objective counsel to those we represent and being accountable for our actions?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
The value of Independence in the PRSA Code of Ethics emphasizes providing objective counsel and being accountable. Kết luận Lý giải Independence
Câu 7:Which of the following is considered an 'Internal Public' for a large manufacturing corporation?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
Internal publics are groups that are directly part of the organization's structure, such as employees, managers, and shareholders. Kết luận Lý giải Front-line employees
Câu 8:According to Barcelona Principle 1 (3.0), what is the absolute prerequisite to communication planning and measurement?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
The updated Barcelona Principles 3.0 state that setting clear and measurable goals is the necessary first step for any PR campaign. Kết luận Lý giải Setting goals
Câu 9:What is the term for the process of anticipating, identifying, evaluating, and responding to issues that may impact an organization's reputation?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
Issues Management is a proactive PR function that allows organizations to detect and address emerging trends or concerns before they become crises. Kết luận Lý giải Issues Management
Câu 10:In crisis communication, what is the recommended 'Golden Hour' rule?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
Modern PR practices emphasize the 'Golden Hour' as the critical window to respond quickly and honestly to maintain control of the narrative. Kết luận Lý giải Responding as quickly as possible, ideally within the first hour of a crisis
Câu 11:What is the main difference between Public Relations and Advertising?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
While advertising involves paying for space or time to control the message, PR focuses on building relationships and earning third-party endorsements through media coverage. Kết luận Lý giải PR focuses on earned media while advertising uses paid media
Câu 12:What does a 'Boilerplate' refer to in a press release?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
A boilerplate is a consistent, short 'About Us' section located at the bottom of a press release that provides basic facts about the organization. Kết luận Lý giải A standard paragraph about the organization's history and mission
Câu 13:Which term describes the practice of 'injecting' a brand's message into a breaking news story to generate media coverage?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
Newsjacking is a PR tactic that involves leveraging the popularity of a current news story to increase brand visibility. Kết luận Lý giải Newsjacking
Câu 14:What is a 'VNR' in the context of media relations?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
A Video News Release (VNR) is a pre-produced segment sent to television news stations to inform them about a story or provide ready-to-air content. Kết luận Lý giải Video News Release
Câu 15:Which type of research involves original data collection specifically for a PR project, such as conducting a new survey?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
Primary research is the process of gathering new, first-hand information directly from sources to answer specific questions. Kết luận Lý giải Primary Research
Câu 16:What is the primary objective of 'Lobbying' as a PR function?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
Lobbying involves specialized PR efforts aimed at building relationships with government officials to influence the legislative process. Kết luận Lý giải Influencing government legislation and regulations
Câu 17:In PR measurement, what is a 'Media Impression'?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
Media impressions represent the total number of times a piece of content had the potential to be seen by an audience. Kết luận Lý giải The total potential audience reached by a media placement
Câu 18:Which PR model is most closely associated with the 'P.T. Barnum' era of hype and exaggeration?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
The Press Agentry model focuses on gaining media attention through any means necessary, often utilizing hype or incomplete facts. Kết luận Lý giải Press Agentry/Publicity
Câu 19:What does the 'S' stand for in the SMART acronym used for setting PR objectives?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
SMART objectives must be Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Time-bound. Kết luận Lý giải Specific
Câu 20:What is 'Greenwashing' in public relations?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
Greenwashing is an unethical practice where an organization spends more time and money claiming to be 'green' than actually implementing environmentally friendly practices. Kết luận Lý giải Misleading consumers regarding the environmental practices of a company
Câu 21:Which document is a comprehensive folder containing a press release, fact sheets, photos, and biographies provided to journalists?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
A media kit (or press kit) provides journalists with all the necessary background materials and resources to write a complete story. Kết luận Lý giải Media Kit
Câu 22:What is an 'Embargo' in the relationship between PR professionals and the media?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
An embargo is an agreement where a PR practitioner provides news in advance with the understanding that the media will not release it until a certain time. Kết luận Lý giải A request that news not be published until a specified date and time
Câu 23:What is the primary focus of 'Public Affairs' in a corporate setting?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
Public Affairs typically involves corporate efforts to build and maintain relationships with government officials and the local community. Kết luận Lý giải Managing relationships with government and community stakeholders
Câu 24:Which term describes the gatekeeping role in mass communication?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
Gatekeepers are individuals, such as editors and news directors, who control the flow of information to the public by selecting which news stories to cover. Kết luận Lý giải The editor or producer who decides which stories are aired or published
Câu 25:What is the definition of 'Spin' in a PR context?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
While PR practitioners strive for transparency, 'Spin' is often used to describe biased or misleading interpretations of facts to favor a specific agenda. Kết luận Lý giải The manipulative portrayal of an event to bias public opinion