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Trắc nghiệm Marketing Quốc tế Tiếng Anh
Trắc nghiệm Marketing quốc tế Tiếng Anh có đáp án - Phần 3

Trắc nghiệm Marketing quốc tế Tiếng Anh có đáp án - Phần 3

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Câu 1: In the context of international distribution channels, what is the primary cause of 'price escalation' for exported goods?

A. The use of psychological pricing strategies in foreign markets
B. The reduction of production costs due to economies of scale
C. The incremental costs associated with shipping, insurance, tariffs, and longer distribution channels
D. The lower demand for foreign products in the target market

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

Price escalation in international marketing refers to the disproportionate increase in the final price of an exported product caused by added costs such as shipping, insurance, tariffs, and intermediary margins compared to the domestic price. The incremental costs associated with shipping, insurance, tariffs, and longer distribution channels

Câu 2: Which pricing strategy involves setting a high initial price for a new product in a foreign market to maximize revenue from the segment willing to pay a premium before competition increases?

A. Market skimming
B. Penetration pricing
C. Cost-plus pricing
D. Transfer pricing

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

Market skimming is a strategy used to capture consumer surplus by charging a high price to early adopters who value the product highly, effectively 'skimming' the cream off the market. Market skimming

Câu 3: What is 'parallel importing' (also known as gray market trade) in international marketing?

A. The illegal manufacturing and selling of counterfeit trademarked goods
B. The import of goods through unauthorized distribution channels to take advantage of price differentials between markets
C. The exchange of goods for other goods instead of cash between countries
D. The government-mandated restriction on the volume of imports allowed into a country

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

Parallel importing occurs when genuine products are imported into a country without the permission of the intellectual property owner, usually exploiting price differences between markets. The import of goods through unauthorized distribution channels to take advantage of price differentials between markets

Câu 4: When a global company uses the same promotional message and creative execution across all international markets, which strategy are they employing?

A. Standardized advertising strategy
B. Dual adaptation strategy
C. Product invention strategy
D. Localized advertising strategy

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

A standardized advertising strategy assumes that consumer needs and desires are relatively universal, allowing the firm to maintain a consistent brand image and reduce costs by using one campaign globally. Standardized advertising strategy

Câu 5: In international logistics, which document acts as a receipt for cargo, a contract for transport, and a document of title?

A. Pro forma invoice
B. Bill of Lading
C. Certificate of Origin
D. Packing list

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

The Bill of Lading is the fundamental document in ocean freight that serves three specific roles: a receipt for the goods, evidence of the contract of carriage, and a document of title allowing transfer of ownership. Bill of Lading

Câu 6: What is the primary purpose of 'transfer pricing' within a multinational corporation?

A. To determine the price at which goods and services are traded between unrelated companies
B. To set the retail price for consumers in the local market
C. To price transactions between divisions or subsidiaries of the same company across different jurisdictions
D. To calculate the dumping margin for the World Trade Organization

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

Transfer pricing refers to the pricing of goods, services, and intangibles between related parties (subsidiaries) within an MNC, which impacts the allocation of profit and tax liability among different countries. To price transactions between divisions or subsidiaries of the same company across different jurisdictions

Câu 7: Which communication barrier in international marketing is specifically characterized by interference or distortion that confuses the receiver, often caused by cultural differences or competitive advertising?

A. Encoding
B. Feedback
C. Decoding
D. Noise

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

In the communication process, 'noise' refers to any external influence, such as cultural misunderstandings or competitive clutter, that detracts from the clarity of the message reaching the receiver. Noise

Câu 8: What does the term 'countertrade' refer to in international business?

A. trade policy that restricts imports to protect domestic industries
B. transaction where goods or services are exchanged for other goods or services, partially or wholly, instead of using hard currency
C. The practice of selling goods in a foreign market below production cost
D. legal dispute between two nations regarding trade tariffs

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

Countertrade is a pricing and payment tool used when a country's currency is non-convertible or when cash is scarce, involving the direct or indirect exchange of goods. A transaction where goods or services are exchanged for other goods or services, partially or wholly, instead of using hard currency

Câu 9: Which U.S. law specifically prohibits U.S. companies from making illegal payments to foreign government officials to obtain or retain business?

A. Sherman Antitrust Act
B. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA)
C. Sarbanes-Oxley Act
D. Lanham Act

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) of 1977 makes it unlawful for certain classes of persons and entities to make payments to foreign government officials to assist in obtaining or retaining business. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA)

Câu 10: In the context of global advertising regulations, what is a common restriction found in many countries regarding pharmaceutical or tobacco products?

A. Requirement to advertise only in English
B. Mandatory subsidies for advertising agencies
C. Bans or strict limitations on advertising in mass media channels
D. Requirement to use only foreign actors in commercials

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

Due to public health concerns, many governments impose strict regulations on vice products, often resulting in total bans on TV/radio ads or severe limitations on where and how they can be promoted. Bans or strict limitations on advertising in mass media channels

Câu 11: What is the main disadvantage of using expatriates (home-country nationals) for the sales force in a foreign market?

A. They lack knowledge of the company's culture and products
B. They are usually less expensive than hiring local nationals
C. High costs of maintenance and potential cultural barriers impeding effective selling
D. They are legally prohibited from working in most foreign countries

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

Expatriates are expensive due to relocation packages and salary premiums, and they may struggle with cultural adaptation and local business customs compared to local nationals. High costs of maintenance and potential cultural barriers impeding effective selling

Câu 12: Which organizational structure is characterized by dual reporting lines where an employee reports to both a functional manager and a country/product manager?

A. Functional structure
B. Geographic division structure
C. Matrix structure
D. Product division structure

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

A matrix structure is designed to integrate diverse areas of expertise by creating a grid of reporting relationships, requiring employees to report to two bosses to balance global efficiency and local responsiveness. Matrix structure

Câu 13: In international marketing research, what is the primary purpose of 'back-translation'?

A. To reduce the cost of translation services
B. To ensure the accuracy and conceptual equivalence of a questionnaire or message by translating it into a foreign language and then back into the original language
C. To automatically translate website content for global users
D. To avoid paying royalties to original content creators

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

Back-translation is a rigorous quality control method used to identify translation errors or cultural nuances that may have been lost when converting a document into another language. To ensure the accuracy and conceptual equivalence of a questionnaire or message by translating it into a foreign language and then back into the original language

Câu 14: What is 'Pattern Advertising' in the context of global marketing?

A. Using completely different advertisements for every single market
B. strategy where a global advertising campaign follows a standardized basic theme but allows for local adaptations in execution
C. Advertising that uses geometric patterns to attract attention
D. digital marketing technique used solely on social media

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

Pattern advertising is a middle-ground approach that maintains a unified global brand message (the pattern) while permitting local managers to tweak visuals or copy to suit local culture. A strategy where a global advertising campaign follows a standardized basic theme but allows for local adaptations in execution

Câu 15: Which Incoterm imposes the maximum obligation on the seller, requiring them to bear all risks and costs to deliver goods to a named place in the destination country, including import duties?

A. EXW (Ex Works)
B. FOB (Free on Board)
C. DDP (Delivered Duty Paid)
D. CIF (Cost, Insurance and Freight)

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

Under DDP (Delivered Duty Paid), the seller is responsible for delivering the goods to the named place in the country of importation, including paying all duties and taxes. DDP (Delivered Duty Paid)

Câu 16: What is the 'Country of Origin Effect' (COO)?

A. The tax imposed on goods based on where they are sold
B. The influence that the manufacturer's country has on a consumer's perception of a product's quality
C. The legal requirement to list ingredients on packaging
D. The impact of currency fluctuations on export prices

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

The Country of Origin Effect refers to the psychological bias (positive or negative) that consumers hold toward products based on the reputation of the country where they were manufactured. The influence that the manufacturer's country has on a consumer's perception of a product's quality

Câu 17: Which of the following is a primary risk associated with licensing as a market entry mode?

A. Extremely high financial investment required
B. Full control over marketing and distribution in the foreign market
C. Creation of a potential future competitor if the licensee acquires the technology and knowledge
D. Immediate ownership of foreign assets

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

A significant danger of licensing is that the licensor may inadvertently transfer proprietary knowledge to the licensee, who may eventually become a competitor once the agreement expires. Creation of a potential future competitor if the licensee acquires the technology and knowledge

Câu 18: What does 'dumping' mean according to World Trade Organization (WTO) rules?

A. Disposing of hazardous waste in international waters
B. Selling a product in a foreign market at a price lower than its domestic price or below its cost of production
C. Flooding a market with high-quality goods to kill competition
D. Exporting goods without paying export tariffs

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

Dumping is an unfair trade practice defined as exporting a product at a price that is lower than the price charged in the exporting country's home market or below its cost of production. Selling a product in a foreign market at a price lower than its domestic price or below its cost of production

Câu 19: In global marketing, what is the concept of 'Glocalization'?

A. Ignoring local preferences to save costs
B. Selling only local products in global markets
C. The practice of conducting business according to both local and global considerations (Think Global, Act Local)
D. Standardizing all aspects of the marketing mix worldwide without exception

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

Glocalization is a strategy that combines global strategic direction with local tactical adaptation to ensure products and services are relevant to local culture while maintaining global efficiency. The practice of conducting business according to both local and global considerations (Think Global, Act Local)

Câu 20: What is the primary function of a 'Letter of Credit' (L/C) in international trade finance?

A. To provide a loan to the buyer from the seller
B. To act as a guarantee from a bank that the seller will receive payment if specific documents are presented
C. To waive all customs duties for the shipment
D. To serve as a marketing brochure for the product

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

A Letter of Credit is a financial instrument issued by a bank that substitutes the bank's creditworthiness for that of the buyer, ensuring the seller gets paid upon presentation of compliant shipping documents. To act as a guarantee from a bank that the seller will receive payment if specific documents are presented

Câu 21: Which factor is most likely to force a company to adapt its product physically for a foreign market?

A. Slight differences in consumer aesthetic preferences
B. Mandatory local technical standards and safety regulations
C. The availability of cheaper advertising media
D. The desire to increase the product's price

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

While cultural preferences matter, mandatory government regulations regarding voltage, safety standards, or packaging requirements legally compel physical product adaptation. Mandatory local technical standards and safety regulations

Câu 22: What is the role of a 'freight forwarder' in international logistics?

A. To manufacture the goods for export
B. To act as an agent organizing shipments for individuals or corporations to get goods from the manufacturer to a final point of distribution
C. To inspect goods for quality control at the factory
D. To provide financing for the manufacturing process

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

Freight forwarders are travel agents for cargo who arrange transportation, documentation, and logistics for shippers, leveraging their expertise to move goods efficiently. To act as an agent organizing shipments for individuals or corporations to get goods from the manufacturer to a final point of distribution

Câu 23: In the context of diffusion of innovations, which group creates the biggest challenge for global marketers due to their resistance to change and adherence to tradition?

A. Innovators
B. Early Adopters
C. Early Majority
D. Laggards

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

Laggards are the last group to adopt a new product because they are traditional, skeptical of change, and usually only adopt an innovation when it has become a necessity or tradition itself. Laggards

Câu 24: What defines a 'Born Global' firm?

A. large multinational corporation that has been operating for over 50 years
B. company that starts operating in international markets at or shortly after its founding
C. firm that only operates in its home country but uses global suppliers
D. government-owned enterprise focused on domestic welfare

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

Born Global firms are business organizations that, from their inception, seek to derive significant competitive advantage from the use of resources and the sale of outputs in multiple countries. A company that starts operating in international markets at or shortly after its founding

Câu 25: Which type of channel conflict occurs between members at different levels of the distribution channel (e.g., between a manufacturer and a wholesaler)?

A. Horizontal conflict
B. Vertical conflict
C. Lateral conflict
D. Circular conflict

💡 Lời giải chi tiết:

Vertical conflict arises between different levels of the same channel, such as disagreements between a manufacturer and a retailer regarding pricing, promotion, or territory. Vertical conflict

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Kết quả của bạn:

Câu 1: In the context of international distribution channels, what is the primary cause of 'price escalation' for exported goods?

Câu 2: Which pricing strategy involves setting a high initial price for a new product in a foreign market to maximize revenue from the segment willing to pay a premium before competition increases?

Câu 3: What is 'parallel importing' (also known as gray market trade) in international marketing?

Câu 4: When a global company uses the same promotional message and creative execution across all international markets, which strategy are they employing?

Câu 5: In international logistics, which document acts as a receipt for cargo, a contract for transport, and a document of title?

Câu 6: What is the primary purpose of 'transfer pricing' within a multinational corporation?

Câu 7: Which communication barrier in international marketing is specifically characterized by interference or distortion that confuses the receiver, often caused by cultural differences or competitive advertising?

Câu 8: What does the term 'countertrade' refer to in international business?

Câu 9: Which U.S. law specifically prohibits U.S. companies from making illegal payments to foreign government officials to obtain or retain business?

Câu 10: In the context of global advertising regulations, what is a common restriction found in many countries regarding pharmaceutical or tobacco products?

Câu 11: What is the main disadvantage of using expatriates (home-country nationals) for the sales force in a foreign market?

Câu 12: Which organizational structure is characterized by dual reporting lines where an employee reports to both a functional manager and a country/product manager?

Câu 13: In international marketing research, what is the primary purpose of 'back-translation'?

Câu 14: What is 'Pattern Advertising' in the context of global marketing?

Câu 15: Which Incoterm imposes the maximum obligation on the seller, requiring them to bear all risks and costs to deliver goods to a named place in the destination country, including import duties?

Câu 16: What is the 'Country of Origin Effect' (COO)?

Câu 17: Which of the following is a primary risk associated with licensing as a market entry mode?

Câu 18: What does 'dumping' mean according to World Trade Organization (WTO) rules?

Câu 19: In global marketing, what is the concept of 'Glocalization'?

Câu 20: What is the primary function of a 'Letter of Credit' (L/C) in international trade finance?

Câu 21: Which factor is most likely to force a company to adapt its product physically for a foreign market?

Câu 22: What is the role of a 'freight forwarder' in international logistics?

Câu 23: In the context of diffusion of innovations, which group creates the biggest challenge for global marketers due to their resistance to change and adherence to tradition?

Câu 24: What defines a 'Born Global' firm?

Câu 25: Which type of channel conflict occurs between members at different levels of the distribution channel (e.g., between a manufacturer and a wholesaler)?

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