Trắc nghiệm Marketing quốc tế Tiếng Anh có đáp án - Phần 4
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Câu 1:Which international marketing orientation assumes that the products and practices used in the home country are inherently superior to those in other countries?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
An ethnocentric orientation is characterized by the belief that home-country strategies and products are universally applicable and superior to any foreign alternatives. Kết luận Lý giải Ethnocentric orientation
Câu 2:What term describes the flow of goods through distribution channels that are legal but unauthorized by the original manufacturer or trademark owner?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
A gray market, also known as parallel importing, occurs when authentic products are diverted from one market to another without the brand owner's permission. Kết luận Lý giải Gray market
Câu 3:In Hofstede's cultural dimensions, which dimension measures the extent to which society members accept an unequal distribution of influence and wealth?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
Power distance is defined as the degree to which less powerful members of organizations and institutions accept and expect that power is distributed unequally. Kết luận Lý giải Power distance
Câu 4:What is the primary risk associated with licensing as a market entry strategy for a licensor?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
Licensing poses the risk that the licensee may gain sufficient technical and marketing knowledge to eventually become a direct competitor after the agreement ends. Kết luận Lý giải Creating a future competitor
Câu 5:Which marketing research technique involves translating a questionnaire from the original language into the target language and then having a different person translate it back?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
Back-translation is used in international research to ensure linguistic and conceptual equivalence between the original and the translated version of a survey instrument. Kết luận Lý giải Back-translation
Câu 6:What pricing strategy involves setting prices for goods transferred between different units or subsidiaries of the same multinational corporation?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
Transfer pricing is the practice of setting the price for goods and services sold between controlled or related legal entities within an enterprise. Kết luận Lý giải Transfer pricing
Câu 7:According to Edward T. Hall, which type of culture relies heavily on implicit messages and non-verbal cues rather than explicit words during communication?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
High-context cultures prioritize the context of the message, including relationships and body language, over the literal meaning of words spoken. Kết luận Lý giải High-context culture
Câu 8:Which entry mode involves two or more companies sharing ownership and control of a new business entity created in a foreign market?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
A joint venture is a collaborative arrangement where participants share equity, risk, and management of a distinct legal entity in a target country. Kết luận Lý giải Joint venture
Câu 9:Based on the International Product Life Cycle theory, where does production usually shift in the mature stage of a product?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
As products become standardized and price competition increases in the mature stage, production often moves to developing countries to exploit lower labor costs. Kết luận Lý giải To developing countries with lower labor costs
Câu 10:What occurs when a product is sold in a foreign market at a price lower than its cost of production or lower than its price in the home market?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
Dumping is an international trade practice where a company exports a product at a price significantly lower than it charges in its own home market. Kết luận Lý giải Dumping
Câu 11:Which strategy involves selling the same product with the same promotional message across all global markets without modification?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
Standardization is a global marketing approach that offers a uniform product and marketing mix to realize economies of scale and maintain a consistent brand image. Kết luận Lý giải Standardization
Câu 12:In the communication process, what term refers to cultural barriers or misunderstandings that distort the intended marketing message in a foreign country?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
Noise in international marketing includes any cultural or environmental factor that interferes with the receiver's ability to interpret the message as intended by the sender. Kết luận Lý giải Noise
Câu 13:Which legal system is primarily based on a comprehensive set of written statutes or codes rather than judicial precedents?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
Civil law systems are derived from Roman law and rely on a codified body of rules that judges apply to cases. Kết luận Lý giải Civil law
Câu 14:Which market entry strategy allows a firm to grant another entity the right to use its entire business system, including brand name and operating methods, in exchange for fees?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
Franchising is a specialized form of licensing where the franchisor provides a complete bundle of intellectual property and business support to the franchisee. Kết luận Lý giải Franchising
Câu 15:What is the hybrid strategy that focuses on thinking globally while acting locally to balance global integration and local responsiveness?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
Glocalization refers to the adaptation of globally standardized products to meet the specific functional or cultural needs of local consumers. Kết luận Lý giải Glocalization
Câu 16:Which form of international trade involves the exchange of goods or services for other goods or services rather than for hard currency?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
Countertrade encompasses various commercial arrangements in which sellers accept goods or other non-cash considerations as partial or total payment for their exports. Kết luận Lý giải Countertrade
Câu 17:What is the unconscious tendency to use one's own cultural values and experiences as a basis for making decisions in a foreign environment?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
The Self-Reference Criterion (SRC) is a major obstacle in international marketing, leading marketers to incorrectly assume that foreign consumers behave like home-country consumers. Kết luận Lý giải Self-Reference Criterion (SRC)
Câu 18:What type of market segmentation groups consumers based on similar needs and behaviors across different countries rather than segmenting by national borders?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
Intermarket segmentation identifies clusters of consumers who share similar characteristics regardless of the specific country in which they reside. Kết luận Lý giải Intermarket segmentation
Câu 19:Which U.S. law prohibits American companies and their representatives from paying bribes to foreign government officials to obtain or retain business?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) of 1977 established strict guidelines against bribery and corruption by U.S. firms operating internationally. Kết luận Lý giải Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA)
Câu 20:What distribution strategy involves a company using another company's established distribution network to sell its products in a foreign market?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
Piggybacking is an entry method where a 'rider' company uses the distribution facilities of a 'carrier' company to enter a new foreign market quickly. Kết luận Lý giải Piggybacking
Câu 21:Which phenomenon describes the disproportionate increase in the final retail price of an exported product compared to its home-market price due to extra costs like tariffs and shipping?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
Price escalation results from the accumulation of costs such as shipping, insurance, tariffs, and multiple middleman margins as a product moves from the exporter to the foreign consumer. Kết luận Lý giải Price escalation
Câu 22:What is the psychological effect where consumers' perceptions of a product are influenced by the country where it was manufactured?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
The country of origin effect refers to the impact that generalizations and perceptions about a country have on a consumer's evaluation of products made there. Kết luận Lý giải Country of origin effect
Câu 23:Which global strategy seeks to achieve both high global integration and high local responsiveness simultaneously?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
A transnational strategy attempts to combine the cost benefits of global scale with the flexibility of local tailoring. Kết luận Lý giải Transnational strategy
Câu 24:In cultures with high 'Uncertainty Avoidance' according to Hofstede, what are consumers more likely to favor?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
High uncertainty avoidance cultures prefer structured situations, clear rules, and trusted brands to minimize the perceived risk of a purchase. Kết luận Lý giải Established brands and warranties
Câu 25:Which promotional strategy focuses on influencing intermediaries like wholesalers and retailers to carry and promote a product to final consumers?
💡 Lời giải chi tiết:
A push strategy involves using personal selling and trade promotions to move products through the distribution channel to the end user. Kết luận Lý giải Push strategy